IGNOU MHI-107 Solved Question Paper June 2025 PDF

MHI-107, “History of Indian Economy-2,” is a core course in the Master of Arts in History (MAHI) programme at Indira Gandhi National Open University. For students preparing for the June 2025 Term End Examination (TEE), solved question papers serve as essential preparation resources. These materials help learners analyze question patterns, understand the depth of economic-historical analysis expected, and practice structuring responses on colonial economic policies, agrarian transformations, industrial development, planning, and post-independence economic changes systematically. Reviewing solved papers alongside official study materials enhances comprehension of India’s economic evolution, historiographical debates, and interpretative frameworks while building analytical and examination writing skills through systematic practice.

About IGNOU MHI-107

MHI-107 examines History of Indian Economy-2, providing comprehensive analysis of India’s economic development from the colonial period through post-independence transformation. The course addresses colonial economic policies and their impact, agrarian transformations, industrial growth patterns, trade and finance systems, economic planning, and contemporary economic reforms.

Students engage with critical themes including colonial land revenue systems and their regional variations, commercialization of agriculture and cash crop economy, the deindustrialization debate and decline of traditional industries, nationalist economic critique (drain of wealth theory), industrial development in the late colonial period, economic conditions at independence, Nehruvian model of planned development, Five Year Plans and their sectoral priorities, public sector expansion and industrial policy, Green Revolution and agricultural transformation, nationalization of banks and key industries, economic crisis of 1991, liberalization, privatization and globalization (LPG reforms), and contemporary economic transitions. The course emphasizes analytical understanding of how colonial exploitation shaped India’s economy and how post-independence policies sought to address developmental challenges through planning and subsequent market-oriented reforms.

IGNOU MHI-107 June 2025 Exam Pattern

The June 2025 examination for MHI-107 follows a descriptive format assessing both factual knowledge and analytical understanding of Indian economic history:

• Long-Answer Questions: Require detailed discussion of economic policies, agrarian systems, industrial development, or planning strategies with critical evaluation of their impact and historiographical debates. Students are expected to demonstrate comprehensive theoretical knowledge and structured analytical presentation.
• Medium-Answer Questions: Test focused understanding of specific colonial policies, economic institutions, or post-independence reforms, requiring conceptual clarity and coherent economic-historical argumentation.
• Short-Answer Questions: Assess factual knowledge and conceptual precision on specific economic terms, policies, or key features of India’s economic development.

The examination emphasizes analytical and interpretative historical writing, understanding of economic structures and their transformation, ability to engage with historiographical debates on colonial economy and development planning, and well-structured academic argumentation. Success requires thorough study of India’s economic history, understanding of diverse theoretical perspectives, and developed capacity for independent historical-economic analysis.

Important Topics Commonly Asked in MHI-107

Students should ensure thorough preparation across the following key areas of History of Indian Economy-2:

• Colonial Land Revenue Systems: Permanent Settlement in Bengal (1793) and its impact, Ryotwari system in Madras and Bombay Presidencies, Mahalwari system in North India and Punjab, comparative analysis of revenue systems, impact on peasantry and agricultural production, commercialization of land rights, indebtedness and land alienation, peasant movements and resistance.
• Commercialization of Agriculture: Introduction and expansion of cash crops (indigo, cotton, jute, tea, coffee, opium), plantation economy and labor systems, impact on food production and peasant economy, regional variations in commercialization patterns, famine and food security issues, colonial agricultural policies and their consequences.
• Deindustrialization Debate: Decline of traditional handicrafts and textile industry, drain of wealth theory (Dadabhai Naoroji, R.C. Dutt, Romesh Dutt), historiographical debate between nationalist historians and revisionists (Tirthankar Roy and others), impact on artisans and weavers, destruction of craft industries, Company’s trade monopoly and discriminatory tariff policies.
• Nationalist Economic Critique: Development of nationalist economic thought, drain of wealth and poverty discourse, critique of colonial exploitation and surplus extraction, Swadeshi movement and economic nationalism, Congress economic programmes and resolutions, demands for protection and planned industrialization, economic arguments in independence movement.
• Industrial Development in Late Colonial Period: Modern industries under colonialism (jute, cotton textiles, steel, coal, sugar, cement), emergence of Indian capitalist class (Tata, Birla, other industrial houses), managing agency system, labor conditions and working class formation, impact of World Wars on industrial expansion, discriminatory colonial industrial and tariff policies.
• Economic Planning After Independence: Economic conditions at independence (poverty, food shortages, infrastructure deficit, industrial backwardness), debates on development model (socialist versus capitalist), Planning Commission establishment (1950), mixed economy framework, Mahalanobis model of industrialization, Five Year Plans (First to Twelfth) and their sectoral priorities, plan achievements and failures.
• Public and Private Sector Growth: Public sector expansion and commanding heights of economy strategy, industrialization through PSUs (steel plants, coal, heavy machinery, oil), Industrial Policy Resolutions (1948, 1956, 1977, 1980), licensing and controls (License Raj), private sector development and regulation, industrial houses and MRTP Act, small-scale industry reservation and promotion.
• Liberalization and Economic Reforms: Economic crisis of 1991 (balance of payments crisis, fiscal deficit, inflation), New Economic Policy (NEP 1991), liberalization, privatization, and globalization (LPG reforms), structural adjustment programme and IMF conditionalities, Manmohan Singh’s reform package, dismantling of License Raj, foreign investment liberalization, WTO and Indian economy, export-import policy changes.
• Contemporary Economic Transitions: Service sector growth and IT revolution, changing agricultural scenario and agrarian crisis, Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and export promotion, banking sector reforms and financial inclusion, disinvestment and privatization debates, GST implementation and tax reforms, debates on inclusive growth and rising inequality, Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat initiatives.
• Agrarian Transformation: Land reforms post-independence (zamindari abolition, tenancy reforms, land ceiling legislation), Green Revolution (technology package, HYV seeds, chemical inputs, irrigation), regional impact and disparities (Punjab, Haryana success versus eastern region lag), agricultural price policies and procurement systems, rural development programmes, agrarian distress and farmer suicides in recent decades.
• Trade and Finance: Colonial trade patterns and exploitation through unequal exchange, post-independence trade policies (import substitution industrialization, export promotion), exchange rate policies and rupee devaluation, balance of payments management, foreign debt accumulation, nationalization of banks (1969, 1980) and insurance, financial sector reforms in 1990s, banking sector development and NPAs.
• Historiographical Debates: Nationalist school versus Cambridge school on colonial economic impact, debates on extent of deindustrialization, critiques of planning effectiveness and public sector inefficiency, debates on liberalization and its social impact, assessments of poverty reduction and inequality trends.

Download MHI-107 Solved Question Paper – June 2025

The solved question paper for MHI-107 June 2025 is provided as an academic reference resource for students of the Master of Arts in History programme. This document illustrates expected answer quality, appropriate economic-historical analysis with historiographical engagement, and structured presentation, helping students calibrate their examination preparation effectively.

📄 Download MHI-107 Solved Question Paper (June 2025)

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This resource should be used in conjunction with prescribed IGNOU study materials and recommended textbooks on Indian economic history to build comprehensive understanding and examination readiness through systematic engagement with course concepts.

Related Resources

Students preparing for the IGNOU MAHI programme may also find the following materials useful:

• MHI-105 Study Materials: Solved question papers and resources for MHI-105 (History of Indian Economy) in the Master of Arts in History programme.
• MHI-106 Study Materials: Solved question papers and resources for MHI-106 (Evolution of Social Structures) in the MAHI programme.
• MHI-107 Solved Assignments: Assignment solutions for MHI-107 covering current and previous academic sessions, useful for internal assessment preparation and understanding assignment expectations.
• MHI-102 Study Materials: Solved question papers and resources for MHI-102 (Modern World Collection) in the Master of Arts in History programme.
• IGNOU MAHI Previous Year Papers: Comprehensive collection of solved question papers for other courses in the MAHI programme, supporting holistic preparation.

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We make no claims of ownership regarding examination questions, course materials, or solutions presented. This resource is provided to help students understand examination patterns, develop economic-historical analysis skills, and support effective examination preparation.

Students are strongly encouraged to consult official IGNOU study materials and prescribed textbooks for comprehensive and accurate content. This solved paper should be used as a supplementary study tool alongside primary course materials.

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